Biotherapeutics, including protein and nucleic acid-based therapeutics, cell and gene therapies, and vaccines, play an important role in maintaining and improving global public health which is particularly critical in the face of public health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. They are also being developed to treat a wide variety of serious medical conditions including infectious diseases, cancer, auto-immune, cardio-vascular, gastro-intestinal and neurological disorders. The development of biotherapeutics and vaccines, from candidate engineering and selection, through expression, purification, formulation, analytical characterization and finally delivery to patients, is a highly inter-disciplinary scientific field.